|
Number
|
Name
|
Comments
|
|
E300
|
Ascorbic
acid
|
flour
treating agent, 'vitamin C'; may be made synthetically from
glucose, naturally occurs in fruit and vegetables; added to
products as diverse as cured meat, breakfast cereals, frozen
fish and wine
|
|
E301
|
Sodium
ascorbate
|
sodium
salt of vitamin C
|
|
E302
|
Calcium
ascorbate
|
vitamin
C, may increase the formation of calcium oxalate stones
|
|
E303
|
Potassium
ascorbate
|
potassium
salt of vitamin C
|
|
E304
|
Ascorbyl
palmitate, Ascorbyl stearate
|
fatty
acid esters of ascorbic acid, same function as E300
|
|
E306,
E307,
E308, E309
|
Tocopherols,
alpha-,gamma-,delta-
|
'vitamin
E'; found in many vegetable oils, including soy, wheat germ,
rice germ, cottonseed, maize; works as an antioxidant for
fatty acids and tissue fats, preventing vitamin A from oxidation;
used in margarine and salad dressings
|
|
E310
|
Propyl
gallate
|
used
to prevent rancidity in oily substances; derived from nutgalls;
may cause gastric or skin irritation, gallates are not permitted
in foods for infants and small children because of their known
tendency to cause the blood disorder, methaemoglobinemia;
used in oils, margarine, lard and salad dressings, sometimes
used in packaging
|
|
E311
|
Octyl
gallate
|
see
310
|
|
E312
|
Dodecyl
gallate
|
see
310
|
|
E317
|
Erythorbic
acid
|
produced
from sucrose
|
|
E318
|
Sodium
erythorbate
|
produced
from E317
|
|
E319
|
Tert-ButylHydroQuinone
(TBHQ)
|
petroleum
based; the HACSG* recommends to avoid
it. May cause nausea, vomiting, delirium. A dose of
5g is considered fatal. Typical products are fats, oils, margarine
|
|
E320
|
Butylated
hydroxy-anisole (BHA)
|
petroleum
derivative, retards spoilage due to oxidation; used in edible
oils, chewing gum, fats, margarine, nuts, instant potato products,
polyethylene food wraps; not permitted in infant foods, can
provoke an allergic reaction in some people, may trigger hyperactivity
and other intolerances; serious concerns over carcinogenicity
and estrogenic effects, in large doses caused tumours in lab
animals, banned in Japan in
1958, official committees of experts recommended that it be
banned in the UK, however due to industry pressure it was
not banned, McDonald's eliminated BHT from their US products
by 1986, see also Butyl compounds
|
|
E321
|
Butylated
hydroxy-toluene (BHT)
|
petroleum
derivative; see E320
|
|
E322#
|
Lecithins
|
emulsifier
derived from soy beans, egg yolks, peanuts, corn or animal
resources; non toxic but overdose can upset the stomach, kill
the appetite and cause profuse sweating; used to allow combination
of oils in margarine, chocolate, mayonnaise, milk powder;
must be chosen vegetable type
|
|
E325#
|
Sodium
lactate
|
derived
from milk (lactic acid); may contain pork rennin or whey in
process,
young children with lactose intolerance may show adverse reactions
|
|
E326#
|
Potassium
lactate
|
see
325
|
|
E327#
|
Calcium
lactate
|
see
325
|
|
E328#
|
Ammonium
lactate
|
see
325
|
|
E329#
|
Magnesium
lactate
|
see
325
|
|
E330
|
Citric
acid
|
food
acid, naturally derived from citrus fruit, used in biscuits,
canned fish, cheese and processed cheese products, infant
formulas, cake and soup mixes, rye bread, soft drinks, fermented
meat products
|
|
E331
|
Sodium
citrates
|
food
acid; no known adverse effects
|
|
E332
|
Potassium
citrates
|
food
acid; no known adverse effects
|
|
E333
|
Calcium
citrates
|
food
acid; no known adverse effects in small quantities
|
|
E334
|
Tartaric
acid
|
food
acid, obtained from unripe fruit, grape juice;
no known adverse effects in small quantities
|
|
E335
|
Sodium
tartrates
|
food
acid; no known adverse effects
|
|
E336
|
Potassium
tartrates
|
food
acid; no known adverse effects
|
|
E337
|
Sodium
potassium tartrate
|
food
acid; no known adverse effects
|
|
E338
|
Phosphoric
acid
|
food
acid, derived from phosphate ore; used in cheese products;
no known adverse effects
|
|
E339
|
Sodium
phosphates
|
mineral
salt, used as a laxative and a fixing agent in textile dyeing;
high intakes may upset the calcium/phosphorus equilibrium
|
|
E340
|
Potassium
phosphates
|
see
339
|
|
E341#
|
Calcium
phosphates
|
mineral
salt found in rocks and bones; used in medicines as an antacid
and polishing agent in enamels
|
|
E343
|
Magnesium
phosphates
|
essential
mineral, anticaking agent found in salt substitutes
|
|
E350
|
Sodium
malates
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E351
|
Potassium
malate
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E352
|
Calcium
malates
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E353
|
Metatartaric
acid
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E354
|
Calcium
tartrate
|
seems
safe
|
|
E355
|
Adipic
acid
|
food
acid from the root adipose (pertaining to fat?)
|
|
E357
|
Potassium
adipate
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E363
|
Succinic
acid
|
avoid
it, banned in some countries
|
|
E3120
|
Sodium
fumarate
|
food
acid, salt of fumaric acid (derived from plants of the genus
Fumaria esp. F.officianalis)
|
|
E366
|
Potassium
fumarate
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E367
|
Calcium
fumarate
|
no
known adverse effects
|
|
E370
|
1,4-Heptonolactone
|
avoid
it, banned in some countries
|
|
E375
|
Niacin
|
vitamin
B3; naturally occurs in bean, pea and other legumes, milk,
egg, meat, poultry, and fish; at doses in excess of 1,000
mg per day can cause liver damage, diabetes, gastritis, eye
damage, and elevated blood levels of uric acid (which can
cause gout); at amounts as low as 50-100 mg may cause flushing
(harmless but painful), headache, and stomach-ache especially
if taken on an empty stomach
|
|
E380
|
Tri-ammonium
citrate
|
may
interfere with liver and pancreas function
|
|
E381
|
Ammonium
ferric citrates
|
essential
mineral, food acid derived from citric acid; used as a dietary
iron supplement in breakfast cereals and dietary formulas
|
|
E385
|
Calcium
disodium EDTA
|
avoid
it, banned in some countries
|
